.bp
.sh 1 "Invoking the Programs"
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All of the programs provided with this toolkit have associated ``man''
pages for easy reference.  A short overview of each is also provided below:
.sh 2 "maha"
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This program treats the laser printer as a line-printer.
Normally, it uses a fixed-width font so that columns will line up.
Options are provided to change the font, provide two-column output
and print landscape (rotated) output.
.sh 2 "charset"
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This program prints a character set of a specific font in a given point
size.  Since the Xerox Character Encoding Standard has a very sparse
space of characters, it's handy to know exactly which characters your
printer can print.
.sh 2 "iptotext and texttoip"
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\*(IP files are binary encoded files and thus are somewhat inconvient to
examine. There is a parallel representation to \*(IP called Intertext which is
a textual representation.  Since the mapping is one-to-one, \*(IP files
can be converted to Intertext files and back again without loss of information.
The actual syntax of Intertext is documented in Section 5 of this document.
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The programs iptotext and texttoip convert between these two representations
in the obvious way.  Converting to Intertext is a handy way to debug
\*(IP files that are constructed using the C language interface described
in Section 4.  Intertext also provides a way for knowledgable people
to edit \*(IP files.  For example, it was used to debug \*(TR changes intended
to remove the cut-marks inserted by the standard 4.2BSD macros.
.sh 2 "iptroff and dipress"
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The shell script ``iptroff\|'' is simply a front-end for TI-\*(TR and dipress.
Only under special circumstances will one need to invoke dipress directly.
In general, one invokes iptroff just as regular \*(TR would be used.
For example:
.(l
iptroff \-me foo.me
.)l
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Remember, that many pre-processors such as eqn and pic
need to know which output device you intend to use.  When using iptroff,
specifiy the ``\-Tip'' switch.
.sh 2 "restotext and stackres"
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RES is Xerox's Raster Encoding Standard.  It is used as a way of transmitting
and exchanging image data.  The program ``restotext'' converts an RES file
to a textual represtation and a manner similar to iptotext.  Stackres
executes the RES file (an RES file is similar to an \*(IP file) and
prints out what is left on the stack.
.sh 2 "ipmetrics"
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The \*(IP standard specifies that fonts metrics (like widths of characters)
are distributed in the form of an \*(IP file which when executed leaves various
vectors on the stack.  These vectors are property lists which contain
various pieces of information about the fonts.  The program ``ipmetrics''
will execute an \*(IP master and with the aid of various description
files, produce metrics for \*(TR.
.sh 3 "Fonts"
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In order to be compatible with the C/A/T phototypsetter, there are the
standard four fonts: R, B, I and S.  The fonts provided with
this distribution have all the characters that the C/A/T had as well as
many new special characters.  These are documented in Appendix \f(RN2\fR.
Because \*(TR has a restriction of only 221 special character names,
it was not possible to give all the special characters unique names.
The overflow characters were placed in three (3) pseudo-fonts as follows:\(dg
.(f
.ti -\n(fiu
\(dgThey are pseudo-fonts in the sense that although \*(TR thinks
they are separate fonts, they are actually mapped to the same Interpress font.
.)f
.RS
.ip "RN"
This is the roman numeral font.  It has the digits one through nine
mapped to the matching roman numeral.  The digit zero is mapped to roman
numeral 10.
.ip "CN"
This is the circled (arabic) numeral font.  The digits are mapped
in the same way.
.ip "XX"
The remaining miscellaneous characters which are mapped to normal
ASCII characters.
.RE
.sh 3 "Hints and Warnings"
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This section discusses unexpected behavior that users of iptroff might
encounter and how to deal with it.
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On page three (3) of
.i "Typesetting Mathematics - User's Guide"
it is implied that typing a ``{'' to eqn will produce a roman ``{'' in the
output.  Unfortuately, eqn doesn't produce any code to guarantee this behavior.
Instead it relies on the fact that the C/A/T would always print ``{'' as
a roman character.  Since the \*(IP fonts include bold and italic curly
brackets, eqn output will produce italic curly brackets by default.
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The \-me macros have a bug where some footnotes are broken across pages when
they shouldn't be.  This may be because our higher device resolution
alters the fudge factor that is used
to compute the amount of space to reserve for a footnote.
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The 4.2 BSD macros have been modified to produce cut-marks for roll paper
devices such as Versatec plotters.  These cut marks will cause appearance
errors to appear on the banner page produced by the 8044 printer.  
In \-me they can be removed by placing the following
two lines at the front of your file:
.(l
	.rm @m
.)l
In \-ms they can be removed by using the following lines:
.(l
	.rm CM
.)l
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The default physical offset for \*(TR is often too small.  Most users
will preface their files with a
.(l
	.po 1i
.)l
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to produce the correct page centering.