2.11BSD#431 - /usr/man/cat1/as.0

AS(1)		    UNIX Programmer's Manual		    AS(1)


NAME
     as - assembler

SYNOPSIS
     as [ -u ] [ -V ] [ -o objfile ] file ...

DESCRIPTION
     As assembles the concatenation of the named files.  The
     options are:

     -u   Treat all undefined symbols in the assembly as external
	  globals.

     -V   Produce an object suitable for loading into an
	  automatic text overlaid program.

     -o   Use objfil for the name of the resultant object.  If
	  this is omitted, a.out is used.  If no errors occurred
	  during the assembly and if there were no unresolved
	  external references, it is made executable.

     The special file name -- serves two purposes.  It signals
     the end of all options and causes stdin to be read for
     input.  Thus it is now possible to pipe data to the assem-
     bler:

     /lib/cpp -E foo.s | sed -e ';^#;/;' | as -o foo.o --

     The file name -- may be placed between normal files, when
     EOF is detected on stdin the next file in the argument list
     is opened and read.

     If no input files are specified then stdin is read.

FILES
     /tmp/atm1 temporary
     a.out     object

SEE ALSO
     adb(1), ld(1), nm(1), a.out(5)
     UNIX Assembler Manual by D. M. Ritchie

DIAGNOSTICS
     When an input file cannot be read, its name followed by a
     question mark is typed and assembly ceases.  When syntactic
     or semantic errors occur, a single-character diagnostic is
     typed out together with the line number and the file name in
     which it occurred.  Errors in pass 1 cause cancellation of
     pass 2.  The possible errors are:

     )	Parentheses error
     ]	Parentheses error


Printed 11/26/99						1


AS(1)		    UNIX Programmer's Manual		    AS(1)


     <	String not terminated properly
     *	Indirection used illegally
     .	Illegal assignment to `.'
     a	Error in address
     b	Branch instruction is odd or too remote
     e	Error in expression
     f	Error in local (`f' or `b') type symbol
     g	Garbage (unknown) character
     i	End of file inside an if
     m	Multiply defined symbol as label
     o	Word quantity assembled at odd address
     p	`.' different in pass 1 and 2
     r	Relocation error
     u	Undefined symbol
     x	Syntax error

BUGS
     Syntax errors can cause incorrect line numbers in following
     diagnostics.


Printed 11/26/99						2