UDA(4)                                                                  UDA(4)


NAME
       uda - UDA-50 disk controller interface

SYNOPSIS
       controller uda0 at uba0 csr 0172150 vector udintr
       disk ra0 at uda0 drive 0

DESCRIPTION
       This  is a driver for the DEC UDA-50 disk controller and for other com‐
       patible controllers.  The UDA-50 communicates with the host  through  a
       packet  oriented  protocol  termed  the  Mass  Storage Control Protocol
       (MSCP).  Consult the file <vax/mscp.h> for a  detailed  description  of
       this protocol.

       Files  with  minor device numbers 0 through 7 refer to various portions
       of drive 0; minor devices 8 through 15 refer  to  drive  1,  etc.   The
       standard  device  names  begin with ‘‘ra’’ followed by the drive number
       and then a letter a-h for partitions 0-7 respectively.  The character ?
       stands here for a drive number in the range 0-7.

       The block files access the disk via the system’s normal buffering mech‐
       anism and may be read and  written  without  regard  to  physical  disk
       records.   There  is  also  a ‘raw’ interface which provides for direct
       transmission between the disk and the user’s read or write  buffer.   A
       single  read  or  write  call  results in exactly one I/O operation and
       therefore raw I/O is considerably more efficient when  many  words  are
       transmitted.   The  names of the raw files conventionally begin with an
       extra ‘r.’

       In raw I/O counts should be a multiple of 512 bytes  (a  disk  sector).
       Likewise seek calls should specify a multiple of 512 bytes.

DISK SUPPORT
       This  driver  configures  the drive type of each drive when it is first
       opened.  A partition table in the driver is required for each  type  of
       disk.   The  origin  and  size (in sectors) of the pseudo-disks on each
       drive are shown below.  Not all partitions  begin  on  cylinder  bound‐
       aries,  as on other drives, because previous drivers used one partition
       table for all drive types.  Variants of the partition tables  are  com‐
       mon;  check  the driver and the file /etc/disktab(disktab(5)) for other
       possibilities.


       RC25 partitions
            disk      start     length
            ra?a      0         15884
            ra?b      15884     10032
            ra?c      0         50902
            ra?g      25916     24986
       RD52 partitions
            disk      start     length
            ra?a      0         15884
            ra?b      15884     9766
            ra?c      0         60480
            ra?g      25650     34830
       RD53 partitions
            disk      start     length
            ra?a      0         15884
            ra?b      15884     33440
            ra?c      0         138672
            ra?g      49324     89348
            ra?h      15884     122788
       RA60 partitions
            disk      start     length
            ra?a      0         15884
            ra?b      15884     33440
            ra?c      0         400176
            ra?d      49324     82080     same as 4.2BSD ra?g
            ra?e      131404    268772    same as 4.2BSD ra?h
            ra?f      49324     350852
            ra?g      242606    157570
            ra?h      49324     193282

       RA80 partitions
            disk      start     length
            ra?a      0         15884
            ra?b      15884     33440
            ra?c      0         242606
            ra?e      49324     193282    same as old Berkeley ra?g
            ra?f      49324     82080     same as 4.2BSD ra?g
            ra?g      49910     192696
            ra?h      131404    111202    same as 4.2BSD

       RA81 partitions
            disk      start     length
            ra?a      0         15884
            ra?b      16422     66880
            ra?c      0         891072
            ra?d      375564    15884
            ra?e      391986    307200
            ra?f      699720    191352
            ra?g      375564    515508
            ra?h      83538     291346

       RA81 partitions with 4.2BSD-compatible partitions
            disk      start     length
            ra?a      0         15884
            ra?b      16422     66880
            ra?c      0         891072
            ra?d      49324     82080     same as 4.2BSD ra?g
            ra?e      131404    759668    same as 4.2BSD ra?h
            ra?f      412490    478582    same as 4.2BSD ra?f
            ra?g      375564    515508
            ra?h      83538     291346

       The ra?a partition is normally used for the root file system, the  ra?b
       partition  as a paging area, and the ra?c partition for pack-pack copy‐
       ing (it maps the entire disk).

FILES
       /dev/ra[0-9][a-f]
       /dev/rra[0-9][a-f]

DIAGNOSTICS
       uda: ubinfo %x.  (VAX 11/750 only.)  When allocating UNIBUS  resources,
       the  driver  found it already had resources previously allocated.  This
       indicates a bug in the driver.

       udasa %o, state %d.  (Additional status information given after a  hard
       i/o  error.)  The values of the UDA-50 status register and the internal
       driver state are printed.

       uda%d: random interrupt ignored.  An unexpected interrupt was  received
       (e.g. when no i/o was pending).  The interrupt is ignored.

       uda%d:  interrupt  in  unknown  state  %d  ignored.   An  interrupt was
       received when the driver was in an unknown internal state.  Indicates a
       hardware problem or a driver bug.

       uda%d: fatal error (%o).  The UDA-50 indicated a ‘‘fatal error’’ in the
       status returned to the host.  The contents of the status  register  are
       displayed.

       OFFLINE.  (Additional status information given after a hard i/o error.)
       A hard i/o error occurred because the drive was not on-line.

       status %o.  (Additional status  information  given  after  a  hard  i/o
       error.)  The status information returned from the UDA-50 is tacked onto
       the end of the hard error message printed on the console.

       uda: unknown packet.  An MSCP packet of unknown type was received  from
       the UDA-50.  Check the cabling to the controller.

       The  following  errors  are  interpretations  of  MSCP  error  messages
       returned by the UDA-50 to the host.

       uda%d: %s error, controller error, event 0%o.

       uda%d: %s error, host memory access error, event 0%o, addr 0%o.

       uda%d: %s error, disk transfer error, unit %d.

       uda%d: %s error, SDI error, unit %d, event 0%o.

       uda%d: %s error, small disk error, unit %d, event 0%o, cyl %d.

       uda%d: %s error, unknown error, unit %d, format 0%o, event 0%o.

BUGS
       The partition tables attempt to  combine  compatibility  with  previous
       drivers and functionality; this is impossible.  The best solution would
       be to read the partition tables off the drive.


4th Berkeley Distribution        May 16, 1986                           UDA(4)
 
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